Institute of Arctic Biology
Department of Biology and Wildlife
University of Alaska Fairbanks
Fairbanks, AK 99775

Research Interests

Physiological ecology and endocrinology of hibernating mammals; biological rhythms and sleep; overwintering biology of animals including insects. We work in field and laboratory settings investigating behavioral and physiological mechanisms by which animals cope with high latitude winter and summer environments.

Teaching

• Reproductive Biology of Vertebrates
• Biological Rhythms
• Physiological Ecology of Over-Wintering

Education and Professional Experience

• University of California, Riverside. B.S. in Biology, 1977
• Stanford University, Hopkins Marine Station. Workshop on Biological Rhythms, 1977
• University of Washington. Ph.D. in Zoology, 1983. G.J. Kenagy, advisor
• University of California, Berkeley. Post-doctoral fellow, Departments of Zoology and Psychology, 1983-1986. P. Licht and I. Zucker, advisors
• University of Alaska Fairbanks, Institute of Arctic Biology and Department of Biology and Wildlife. Assistant Professor of Zoophysiology, 1986-1991, Associate Professor, 1991-1999, Professor 2000. Interim Director, IAB 2001.
• Secretary, Section in Comparative Endocrinology, American Society of Zoologists. 1994-1995
• N.S.F. Panel for Dissertation Improvement Grants, Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, 1995
• University of Tromsø, Norway. Department of Arctic Biology. Visiting Scholar, 1995
• University of Groningen, The Netherlands, Chronobiology Research Group. Visiting Scholar, 1996
• N.S.F. Workshop developing a mission statement for the Toolik Field Station
• Chair, Toolik Field Station Steering Committee
• Chair, Laurence Irving and Per Scholander Memorial Lecture Committee

Awards and Research Experience

• University of Washington, Department of Zoology.
• N.I.H. Cell and Molecular Biology Trainee, 1982-1983.
• University of California, Berkeley.
• N.I.H. Individual National Research Service Award Post-doctoral Fellowship, 1985-1986.
• University of Alaska Fairbanks.
• Earthwatch Student Field Expedition Awards, 1990-1992,
• N.I.H. Grant R01-HD-23383. "Endocrine responsiveness in heterothermic mammals", 1987-1995.
• N.I.H. Research Career Development Award HD00973, 1992-1997.
• N.I.H. Biomedical Support Grant. "Sleep regulation in heterothermic mammals", 1993. N.I.H.
• N.S.F. and N.I.H. "Endocrinology of arctic birds and mammals", (with P. Deviche) support for symposium, 1994.
• Honored as "One of Forty Graduates that Made a Difference", University of California, Riverside, 1994.
• American Heart Foundation, Alaska Chapter, Graduate Training Program (with B. Boyer), 1995.
• "Thermoregulation in arctic birds", Visiting Scholar Award from Norwegian Research Council, 1995.
• MJ Murdock Charitable Trust (PI) "Renovation of environmental chambers for support of arctic research," UAF and EPSCoR match, 2000-2002.
• NSF (PI) "Energetics, homeostasis, and life history in an arctic hibernator," 1999-2002.
• NSF (PI) "Physiological limits to hibernation in large mammals," 1999-2000.
• NSF (PI) "A cooperative proposal for the Toolik Field Station, Alaska," 2000-2005.
• NSF EPSCoR (Research Focus Leader) "Integrative Approaches to Environmental Physiology," 2000-2003
• NSF (PI, collaborative research with J. Duman) "Studies on antifreeze proteins in arctic and subarctic insects," 2001-2004.

Graduate Students

• John Kirby
• Sylvia Feder
• Mark Reed
• Kelly Hochstetler
• Loren Buck
• Olav Ornsteth
• Jason Knight
• Jamie Barger
• Luke Middle
• Shawna Karpovich
• Tim Martin
• Jenn Jenkins

Memberships

• Sigma Xi
• AAAS
• American Society of Mammalogists
• American Society of Physiology
• Society for the Study of Reproduction
• Society for Research on Biological Rhythms
• Society for Neuroscience
• Society for Integrative and Comparative Biology

Selected Publications

• Duman JG, Bennett V, Sformo T, Hochstrasser R, Barnes BM (2004). Antifreeze proteins in Alaskan insects and spiders. J Insect Physiol 50:259-66. (Abstract online)
• Barger JL, Brand MD, Barnes BM, and Boyer BB (2003). Tissue-specific depression of mitochondrial proton leak and substrate oxidation in hibernating arctic ground squirrels. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 284:1306-1313. (Abstract online)
• Buck CL and Barnes BM (2003). Androgen in free-living arctic ground squirrels: seasonal changes and influence of staged male-male aggressive encounters. Horm Behav 43:318-26 (Abstract online)
• Hut RA, Barnes BM, and Daan S (2002) Body temperature patterns during semi-natural hibernation in the European ground squirrel. J Comp Physiology and Biochem B 172(1):47-58. (Abstract online)
• Barnes BM and Buck CL (2000) Hibernation in the extreme: burrow and body temperatures, metabolism, and limits to torpor bout length in arctic ground squirrels. in Living in the Cold. G Heldmaier, M Klingenspor, eds. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. pp. 65-72.
• Buck, CL and BM Barnes. (2000). Effects of ambient temperature on metabolic rate, respiratory quotient, and torpor in an arctic hibernator. Amer. J. Physiol R255-R262. (online)
• Knight JE, EN Narus, SL Martin, A Jacobson, BM Barnes, BB Boyer. (2000). mRNA stability and translational inhibition in hibernating arctic ground squirrels (Spermophilus parryii) Molecular and Cellular Biology 20:6374-6379.
• Linnell JDC, Swenson JE, Andersen R, Barnes BM (2000) How vulnerable are denning bears to disturbance? Wildlife Society Bull 28(2): 400-413.
• Boyer BB and BM Barnes (1999) Molecular and metabolic aspects of hibernation. Bioscience. 49:713-724.
• Buck CL and BM Barnes (1999) Temperatures of hibernacula and changes in body composition of arctic ground squirrel over winter. Journal of Mammalogy 80:1264-1276.
• Buck CL and BM Barnes (1999) Annual cycle of body condition and hibernation in free-living arctic ground squirrels. Journal of Mammalogy. 80(2):430-442.
• Osborne, PG, Hu Y, Covey DN, Barnes BM, Katz Z, and Drew KL. (1999) Determination of striatal extracellular gama-aminobutyric acid in non-hibernating and hibernating arctic ground squirrels using quantitative microdialysis. Brain Research 839:1-6.
• Boyer BB, BM Barnes, BB Lowell, and D Grujic (1998) Differential regulation of uncoupling protein gene homologs in multiple tissues of hibernating ground squirrels. American J Physiology: Regulatory, Integrative & Comparative. 275: R1232-R1238.
• Boyer BB, OA Ormseth, L Buck, M Nicolson, MA Pelleymounter, and BM Barnes (1998). Leptin prevents post-hibernation weight gain but does not reduce energy expenditure in arctic ground squirrels. Comp Biochem Physiol:118C:405-412. (Abstract online)
• Barnes BM. (1996). Relationships between hibernation and reproduction in male ground squirrels. In: Adaptations to the Cold: Tenth International Hibernation Symposium. Geiser F et al, eds. University of New England Press, Armidale, Australia. 71-80.
• Barnes BM. (1996). Torpor in arctic ground squirrels. The Sciences September/October:12-14.
• Barnes BM, Barger JL, Seares J, Tacquard PC, and Zuercher GL. (1996). Overwintering in yellowjacket queens (Vespula vulgaris) and green stinkbugs (Elasmostethus interstinctus) in subarctic Alaska. Physiol Zool 69: (1469-1480)
• Cossins AR and BM Barnes. (1996). Hibernation: Southern discomfort. Nature 382:582-583
• Linnell JDC, Swenson J, Barnes B, and Andersen R. (1996). How vulnerable are denning bears to disturbance? A review. A study in connection with plans for the establishment of a military training aria in Ostlandet, Norway. Paart 2. - NINA Oppdragsmelding 413:1-19.
• Deviche P and Barnes BM. (1995). Introduction to the symposium: Endocrinology of arctic birds and mammals. Am Zool 35:189-190.
• Barnes BM, Omtzigt C and Daan S. (1993). Hibernators periodically arouse in order to sleep. In: Life in the Cold: Ecological, Physiological, and Molecular Mechanisms. Carey, C et al, ed. Westview Press, Boulder, CO. 555-558.
• Barnes BM and Ritter D. (1993). Patterns of body temperature change in hibernating arctic ground squirrels. In: Life in the Cold: Ecological, Physiological, and Molecular Mechanisms. Carey C et al, ed. Westview Press, Boulder, CO. 119-130.
• Boyer BB, Barnes BM, Kopecky J, Jacobsson A, and Hermanska J. (1993). Molecular control of prehibernation brown fat growth in arctic ground squirrels. In: Life in the Cold: Ecological, Physiological, and Molecular Mechanisms. Carey C et al, ed. Westview Press, Boulder, CO. 483-492.
• Daan S, Strijkstra A, and Barnes BM. (1992). The elusive function of sleep: New insight from hibernators? In: Circadian clocks from cell to human. Hiroshige T and Honma K, ed. Hokkaido Univ. Press, Hokkaido. 165-176.
• Daan S, Barnes BM, and Strijkstra AM (1991). Warming up to sleep? Hibernating arctic ground squirrels sleep during arousals. Neurosci Lett 128:265-268.
• Barnes BM and York AD (1990). Effect of winter temperatures on reproduction and circannual rhythms in hibernating ground squirrels. J Biol Rhythms: 5:119-130. (Abstract online)
• Barnes BM (1989). Freeze avoidance in a mammal: body temperatures below 0°C in an arctic hibernator. Science 244:1593-1595.
• Ruby NF, Ibuka N, Barnes BM, and Zucker I (1989) Suprachiasmatic nuclei influence torpor and circadian temperature rhythms in hamsters. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 257:210-215 (Abstract online)
• Barnes BM, Kretzmann M, Zucker I, and Licht P (1988). Plasma androgen and gonadotropin levels during hibernation and testicular maturation in golden-mantled ground squirrels. Biol Reproduction 38:616-622 (Abstract online)
• Barnes BM (1986). Annual cycles of gonadotropins and androgens in the hibernating golden-mantled ground squirrel. Gen Comp Endocrinol 62:13-22. (Abstract online)
• Barnes BM, Kretzmann M, Licht P, and Zucker I (1986). The influence of hibernation on testis growth and spermatogenisis in the golden-mantled ground squirrel, Spermophilus lateralis. Biol Reproduction 35:1289-1297. (Abstract online)
• Forger NG, Dark J, Barnes BM and Zucker I (1986). Fat ablation and food restriction influence reproductive development and hibernation in ground squirrels. Biol Reprod 34:831-840. (Abstract online)
• Barnes BM (1984). Influence of energy stores on activation of reproductive function in male golden-mantled ground squirrels. J Comp Physiol B 154:421-425.
• Kenagy GJ and Barnes BM (1984). Environmental and endogenous control of reproductive function in the Great Basin pocket mouse Perognathus parvus. Biol Reprod 31:637-645. (Abstract online)
• Pengelly ET, Aloia RC, Barnes BM, and Whitson D (1979). Differential temporal behavior between males and females in the hibernating ground squirrel, Citellus lateralis. Comp Biochem Physiol 64A:593-596.
• Pengelly ET, Aloia RC, and Barnes BM (1978). Circannual rhythmicity in the hibernating ground squirrel Citellus lateralis under constant light and hyperthermic ambient temperature. Comp Biochem Physiol 61A:599-603.
• Pengelly ET, Asmundson SJ, Barnes B, and Aloia RC (1976). Relationship of light intensity and photoperiod to circannual rhythmicity in the hibernating ground squirrel Citellus lateralis. Comp Biochem Physiol 53A:273-277.